Sodium is a metal, very reactive, with a silvery-white appearance.
Sodium is a greyish white solid.
Sodium Phosphate just looks like plain ol' table salt.
Because it doesn't look like a metal, and it doesn't look like a metal because it isn't a metal it is a condiment which happens to be a sodium salt.
A shiny silvery white metal.
It is a pure substance.
Sugar
It is a molecule of the substance.
Sodium thiopental is a white crystalline powder that is water-soluble. It is typically provided as a sterile powder for injection in vials.
Diamond ( an allotrope of carbon) is the hardest material known.
I assume that you really mean sodium iodide (NaI), as there is no compound called sodium iodine. NaI is a white crystalline solid.
I just read this in a book and it is a salt. Even a limestone is a salt. It really doesn't look anything like it but it is.
Oily sticky brown? Smells like burnt sodium bicarb(sp?)