Only at DAYTIME
by the earths rotation around the sun and the pattern in day and night and how the earth moves and how the earth revolves and rotate around the sun.
Away
It is night in the hemisphere facing away from the Sun.
Because Earths axis isn't in alignment with the sun's axis. Rather it is tilted, so during part of the earths orbit around the sun, the northern hemisphere receives sunlight that is more nearly perpendicular to the earths surface. Then when Earth is on the exact opposite side of the sun the opposite applies. Earths rotation around the sun is completely independent of its daily rotation, so its North to South axis remains in a completely fixed position during its entire rotational cycle. (There is a significant wobble, but it has a period of 26,000 years).
No. What makes winter cold is the Earths tilt. The Earths "axial tilt" is 23.44 degrees. So, when it is winter, the tilt is away from the sun. when it is summer the tilt is facing the sun. when not facing the sun the tilt makes the days shorter, thus less sunlight and colder.
There is no such thing as half of the Earth. If you are referring to half of the spherical shape of the Earth then it will be a hemisphere.
As Earth rotates, the side of Earth that facing the Sun spends more time in daylight, while the opposite is true for the other side.
Aphelion, which basically means "closest to the sun" in Greek.
By definition, one year.
Sun, the Sun is the Earths 'star'
There is always 50% of the Earth facing the sun and 50% NOT facing it. If youhappen to be on the half that's not facing the sun, you would call that "night".
It happens because the Earth rotates. So at any time, half of the Earth is facing the Sun, so it is bright and day time there and the other half is facing away from the Sun so it is dark and night time. As the Earth continues to rotate, parts that were facing the Sun are soon facing away from it and the parts facing away from it are now facing it, so everywhere gets day and night.