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What procedure is used to separate and analyze DNA fragments by placing a mixture of DNA fragments at one end of a porous gel and supplying an electrical voltage to the gel?
agarose gel electrophoresis
What is a technique for sorting DNA fragments by length?
Agarose gel electrophoresis is a common technique used to separate DNA fragments based on their size. In this method, DNA fragments are loaded into wells at one end of a gel and then subjected to an electric field, causing the fragments to migrate through the gel based on their size. The smaller fragments move faster and travel farther than larger fragments, allowing for sorting by length.
How can one determine the size of DNA fragments from electrophoresis?
One can determine the size of DNA fragments from electrophoresis by comparing the distance the fragments have traveled in the gel to a standard marker with known fragment sizes. The smaller fragments will travel farther while larger fragments will travel a shorter distance. This allows for estimation of the size of the DNA fragments based on their migration pattern.
What are moving fragments of DNA from one organism and inserting them into another organism?
DNA recombination.
How does DNA and gel electrophoresis relate?
Gel electrophoresis separates an individual's DNA fragments from one another according to size. An electric current repels a mixture of the negatively-charged DNA fragments through microscopic pores in the gel from the negative to the positive electrode. Upon completion, the separated fragments of DNA can be visualized as a ladder of small bands in the gel by staining with a methylene blue dye solution or smaller DNA segments move more easily through the gel.
One function of gel electrophoresis is to?
To separate strands of DNA based on their size. Shorter strands will migrate more slowly than larger strands. ** Also because DNA is slightly negatively charged, it will move toward the positive end of the electrodes... this is why the current is used when running a gel. Short strand move further** than large ones due to the gel resistance.
Does gel electrophoresis seperate dna fragments?
dna fragments are negatively charged is the answer for apex.
In gel electrophoresism DNA fragments migrate toward one end of a gel because that are?
In gel electrophoresis, DNA fragments migrate toward one end of a gel because they are negatively charged and are attracted to the positive electrode at the opposite end of the gel. The smaller DNA fragments move faster through the gel matrix while the larger fragments move more slowly.
Why can gel electrophoresis separate dna fragments?
The markers are of a specific size (in numbers of base pairs). By comparing the rates of migration of the various markers with the rates of migration of the gene/genes you are separating, you can get an estimate of the size of the fragments you are interested in. They also let you know if you need more or less separation. If the smaller fragments run off of the gel, you'll know that you need to run if for a shorter time or with a smaller voltage.
Is moving fragments of DNA from one and inserting them into another organism?
genetic engineering
Why would a scientist use a higher versus a lower percent agarose solution when preparing a gel to separate DNA?
Different percentages have different resolving powers. There is no one agarose percentage that is suitable for all sizes of DNA - you must chose the percentage best for resolving the sizes of DNA you are examining. If your agarose concentration is too dense for the size of your DNA fragments, the DNA will barely migrate through the gel. If the agarose concentration is too dilute for the size of your DNA, it will run straight through the gel without resolving into sharp bands. Generally speaking you use higher percentages if you want to resolve smaller DNA fragments and lower percentages if you want to resolve larger DNA fragments. Small DNA fragments need high percentages or else they'd run straight through the gel without being resolved into bands. Large DNA fragments need low percentages to permit them to migrate into the gel.
What does the charge of DNA have to do with DNA fingerprinting?
DNA is of a negative charge. So when gel electrophoresis is used on it the DNA fragments are attracted to the positive end of the electrophoresis. The fragments of different lengths travel down the gel towards this end. The longer length fragments travel less and so are farther from the positive end. By looking at these DNA fragments, which are created by cutting DNA with restriction enzymes one can compare and contrast DNA. Thus DNA fingerprinting can take place based on the different restriction sites in DNA (cut by the enzymes) forming different length segments of DNA.
