You can certainly use any "metric" graduated cylinder or such and convert to gallons.
The problem is that few scientific instruments are made in gallons, and most household items aren't celebrated.
Probably the best thing would be a pyrex measuring pitcher.
Another thing you could do is to take a gallon milk jug, or a bucket. Tare it on a scale. Then measure out an amount of water equal to 8 pounds and mark it.
You now have a custom gallon measuring jug.
A balance.
depends on what item you are measuring
Tape measure and centimetre.
A ruler or tape measure.
its meterstick
meter
Matter isn't really something you can measure. To measure mass, you would use a balance.
The tool that a person would use to measure out a pound is called a scale. A scale can be used to weigh people as well. Pounds are a form of measure used on the Imperial system.
thermometer
A balance.
A cloth tape measure.
depends on what item you are measuring
well the tool would use a triple beam balance because it has more mass.
I would use the odometer on my car. If that does not help I would use a map and a ruler and measure it to scale.
Liters is the most appropriate measure.
A tape measure would be the tool, measuring in centimetres or inches.
gram