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A gall wasp is flower
mutualism
Figs and fig wasps have a special relationship that is essential to their mutual survival. The fig provides a home for the wasp and the wasp provides the pollen that the fruit needs to ripen. The insect's life cycle begins when a tiny female wasp enters a fig and begins laying eggs inside it.
In these orchids, the male wasp approaches to mate, but instead gets covered with orchid pollen. Then he pollinates the next orchid flower that he visits, so the orchid is enhancing its chances of reproducing by having evolved this appearance.
the wasp night watch
The great black wasp.
Recently scientists found that a solitary ground-nesting wasp, the European beewolf wasp, harbors Streptomyces bacteria on its antennae and that the wasp uses these bacterial symbionts to protect the wasp larvae against pathogenic fungi.This would be a commensal relationship, where the wasps benefit, but the bacteria are not affected one way or the other.
none
Parasitism; field digger wasps feed on flies.
hornet
no
Wasp can fly whereas earthworm cannot