All types, from Web Browsers to CAD software, from image editing to web servers, from industrial control software to video games.
Yes and no. Linux will not run Windows applications by itself, however, there are ample tools written for Linux that permit you to run Windows applications on Linux. The open-source WINE software will run a majority of Windows software on Linux. You can even configure Linux to automatically recognize Windows applications and use WINE to run them. Alternatively, there's a wide variety of virtual machine products that permit you to run the Windows operating system as an application under Linux, and, in turn, any Windows applications inside the Windows virtual environment. Finally, some "Windows applications" are written in .Net or Java and can be run directly under Linux using mono and java respectively (albeit, some .Net applications will not yet run under mono).
Yes, if the program is open source.
You don't run macOS applications on Linux unless there's a Linux port. As far as Windows goes, there is Wine. Do note that it's not an emulator and it won't run perfectly with everything.
Because they have applications that won't run on it.
All Linux distros have about the same capabilities as far as applications go. The key to playing any Windows games on Linux is the installation of Wine. Wine is a library that allows most (though certainly not all) Windows programs to be run on Linux.
Some will, if you install Mono. By default, most Linux distributions do not include support for them, though.
The 2.6 kernel is the latest series of LInux kernels. There are far too many programs that run on Linux to list them all.
The use of a Linux Virtual Machine is to run a copy of Linux on your current operation system. This will allow you to run various applications that only run on Linux.
Because Linux is highly stable and highly secure. One can generally turn a Linux server outward onto the Internet and not have to worry about it.
Firefox and Skype are two applications that work well in Linux. These are also available for Windows based applications. You definitely should have Evolution and gscan2pdf. You can find out the ten must have applications on this website: http://www.intranetjournal.com/articles/200903/ij_03_30_09a.html
Designed by Linux, it was originated to run graphic applications on older computer hardware. It was designed by John Andrews.
Linux is an operating system, like Windows, that runs on the Linux Kernel, which is based off of UNIX.