varactor diode is a correct answer
Voltage controlled variable capacitor. Usually used for dynamic tuning of resonant circuits.
Both a capacitor and battery "store charge". However, in a battery there is a chemical reaction that continues to generate charge. You apply a charge across the "plates" of a capacitor and it will decay over time from leakage or through a discharge resistance to ground in the circuit. You need really large capacitors to store meaningful amounts of charge, to take the place of a battery for example.
It is called a varactor or a varicap diode. Its capacitance varies nonlinearly with the reverse voltage applied to its terminals.
Varactor didoe is used as voltage controlled capacitor.it is generally used in reverse bias condition.
In radios that aren't solid state, and use variable capacitors for tuning, the air-dielectric variable capacitor is the almost universal choice for radio frequency applications. More information on air variable capacitors is available at www.orenelliottproducts.com.
The effective resistance of the capacitor reduces the ripple current through the capacitor making it less effective in its function of smoothing the voltage. But if the capacitor filter is fed by a transformer and diodes, the resistance of the transformer exceeds that of the capacitor.
It's a high voltage diode, typically used in microwave ovens.
A capacitor whose capacitance is variable (within some range). They are usually used to adjust resonant circuits or delay circuits.
infrared diode
Yes you can. But the variable one is used so that you can very the frequency and it cant be varied anymore if you use a fixed capacitor.
The varactor diode is a semiconductor diode but in this kind, the capacitance is supposed to vary according to the applied voltage. It has an exponent factor that bears a negative fraction value.
electrolytic