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Greenhouse gases (water, carbon dioxide and methane, mostly) allow light to enter the earth's atmosphere. It comes in as solar radiation and about half of it is absorbed by the earth's surface. This radiation is converted to heat energy, which in turn, radiates infrared (longwave) radiation back out into space. Much of this infrared radiation is captured by the greenhouse gases in the troposphere (the lowest layer of the atmosphere). The warmed greenhouse gases then heat the air around them, and re-radiate the heat back down to earth, contributing to the greenhouse effect.
Greenhouse gasses allow sunlight into the Earth's atmosphere. Globally, about half of this energy is absorbed by the Earth's surface, and the other half is reflected back into space. When the Earth gives off this heat (in the form of longwave, infrared radiation) it is trapped by the greenhouse gasses. This is the reason that our planet is warm enough to live on, however, scientists believe that it is the basis for the general warming pattern the Earth is currently experiencing.
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Longwave (mostly infrared)
Some is absorbed by molecules in the atmosphere (such as ultraviolet absorption by ozone), some is absorbed on the surface, and some is reflected by clouds or the surface back into space. The surface will re-radiate much of the absorbed solar radiation as infrared (thermal) radiation, and some of this is then absorbed by atmospheric gases such as carbon dioxide and methane.
Incident infrared radiation is blocked. Visible and ultraviolet radiation heat Earth. Earth radiates infrared radiation. Infrared radiation is blocked and heats Earth. Visible and shortwave radiation heat Earth.Earth radiates longwave radiationLongwave radiation is reflected downward Longwave radiation heats Earth
Greenhouse gases (water, carbon dioxide and methane, mostly) allow light to enter the earth's atmosphere. It comes in as solar radiation and about half of it is absorbed by the earth's surface. This radiation is converted to heat energy, which in turn, radiates infrared (longwave) radiation back out into space. Much of this infrared radiation is captured by the greenhouse gases in the troposphere (the lowest layer of the atmosphere). The warmed greenhouse gases then heat the air around them, and re-radiate the heat back down to earth, contributing to the greenhouse effect.
No greenhouse gas absorbs the sun's incoming shortwave radiation. All the greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide, methane, water vapor, nitrous oxide, CFCs etc) absorb the outgoing longwave infrared radiation from the warmed surface of the earth.
Greenhouse gasses allow sunlight into the Earth's atmosphere. Globally, about half of this energy is absorbed by the Earth's surface, and the other half is reflected back into space. When the Earth gives off this heat (in the form of longwave, infrared radiation) it is trapped by the greenhouse gasses. This is the reason that our planet is warm enough to live on, however, scientists believe that it is the basis for the general warming pattern the Earth is currently experiencing.
Long-wave infrared radiation from clouds and the warm surface of the earth.
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Longwave (mostly infrared)
Earth's atmosphere does have greenhouse gases. These gases absorb some of the infrared radiation emitted by Earth's surface. If it did not, Earth would grow warmer and warmer as it absorbed more and more solar radiation. Greenhouse gas molecules absorb and emit infrared radiation.
Solar radiation that is not reflected is absorbed by clouds, the atmosphere and the surface of the earth.Incoming solar radiation: 100%Reflected by the atmosphere: 6% : Absorbed by the atmosphere: 16%Continuing incoming solar radiation: 78%Reflected by clouds: 20% : Absorbed by clouds: 3%Continuing incoming solar radiation: 55%Reflected by the earth's surface: 4% : Absorbed by the earth's surface (lands and oceans): 51%Source: (NASA)
Some is absorbed by molecules in the atmosphere (such as ultraviolet absorption by ozone), some is absorbed on the surface, and some is reflected by clouds or the surface back into space. The surface will re-radiate much of the absorbed solar radiation as infrared (thermal) radiation, and some of this is then absorbed by atmospheric gases such as carbon dioxide and methane.
Sol.The Sun is the source of radiation for both the earth's atmosphere and the greenhouse effect.
The sun is the source of radiation for both the earth's atmosphere and the greenhouse effect.