The outermost occupied energy shell of an atom is the valence shell, and it varies depending on the atom. It can be determined by looking at the period the atom is in on the Periodic Table.
This is the synonym of the external shell of electrons.
Valence
the number of electrons in the outermost electron shell
This is called the ionization energy and an is different for each electron in the atom. Electrons in the outer shell (furthest from the nucleus) have the lowest ionization energy, electrons in the innermost shell (closest to the nucleus) have the highest ionization energy.
transmutation
an atom becomes positive when that atom gives their electron to other atom....when the atom reacts it is called ion not atom... so that means that ion has charge of ion+..... atom has to give or take( in this case give) electron to make their outer most shell full
I believe that is called "Alpha Emission".
Valence
the number of electrons in the outermost electron shell
the number of electrons in the outermost electron shell
Atoms of argon have a full outer (valence) shell, and this is why argon is inert. The electrons of an atom have different energy levels. It's conventional to call each collection of possible states of electrons for a given energy level a shell. Shells have finite capacity and argon has a full outer shell. Chemical reactions tend to rely on electrons jumping from one atom to another or two sharing the orbit of 2 electrons (a type of shell around 2 electrons if you like). If the shells are full it is usually more energy efficient for an electron to stay put rather than jump to another atom. consequently argon with its full shells rarely bonds.
"Activity" as used in the question has no precise meaning, but I take it to mean reactivity. In VERY simple terms - Electrons can only have precise energies, those energies correspond to certain distances (orbitals or shells), from the nucleus. More than that, electrons are paired in each orbital so far as is possible. Both the energy of the electrons and whether they are paired determine how likely any atom is to form any particular type of bond, and also how many bonds, as bonding involves the gaining, loosing or sharing of electrons from the outer-most shell.
Chemical Energy
Chemical Energy
valence
neuclear
This is called the ionization energy and an is different for each electron in the atom. Electrons in the outer shell (furthest from the nucleus) have the lowest ionization energy, electrons in the innermost shell (closest to the nucleus) have the highest ionization energy.
Two or more atoms share valence electrons (outermost shell) this type of bond is not a very strong one.
The halogen family, F,Cl,Br,I,As all have outer shells with 7 electrons