All of the ones on the list provided with the question
have pretty much the same characteristics.
I assume you mean ionizing electromagnetic radiation. Cathode ray tube televisions (i.e. the non-flatscreen televisions) and some other electric devices produce some radiation. While it might sound pretty excessive all these sources add up to a very small amount of radiation. About 2.4 mSv. Most additional radiation people receive are from medical imaging methods such as a CT-scan (20 mSv)
Yes, even though they do emit ionizing radiation. The amount of radiation emitted from a smoke detector is about 1 hundredth of a millirem per year. The background radiation from radioactive isotopes in the ground is about 300 millirem per year. So the ground your standing on right now is exposing you to more radiation then your smoke detector ever will.
Short Answer:One usually uses the term "ionizing radiation" to describe electromagnetic or particle radiation, that ionizes atoms or molecule.In order to ionize an atom or molecule or other material particle, there has to be energy supplied that is sufficient to remove or "eject" an electron from the atom, molecule or particle. The amount of energy necessary to eject an electron is usually about a fraction of an electron volt of more. It depends on the material being ionized.One does not usually use the term "energy wave" but there is nothing technically wrong with that term. That term would, for instance, distinguish between electromagnetic (wave) radiation and particle radiation.Additional:Ionizing radiation is important in medical technologies for treating cancer and other diseases. Both electromagnetic (photon) and particle therapies involve ionizing radiation. See related link.Ionizing radiation is, more generally, an example of how radioactivity can harm living tissue. It is also important in the context of radioactivity because fast moving particles, such as alpha and beta rays, lose a great deal of energy when they ionize material, so the "stopping power" of a substance acting as a radiation shield is largely determined by how much ionization takes place in the material as energetic charged particles pass through.Ionizing radiation exists in nature in many forms. The Aurora Borealis is a consequence of ionizing radiation from the sun.
A rad measures the amount of radiation absorbed by a gram of material where as a rem measures the biological effects of different kinds of radiation. To measure the degree of biological effects produced by radiation you would need to know the mrad value as well as the type of radiation because different types of radiation produce different degrees of damage. For example every 1 mrad of beta or gamma radiation produces 1 mrem, every 1 mrad of high energy protons and neurons produce 10 mrems and every 1 mrad of alpha particles produce 20 mrems.
On the amount of radiation emitted; on how close the individual is to the source of the radiation; on any objects in between which might absorb part of the radiation.
No. It depends on the amount of radiation, and it has to be ionizing radiation, which means ultraviolet or shorter waves. Alternatively, non-ionizing radiation can kill by heating the tissues if the energy intensity is high enough.
Radiation dose in terms of the amount of the biological effect caused by the amount of energy absorbed
They scatter sunlight, reducing the amount that reaches the surface as direct radiation (increasing the amount that reaches as diffuse).
Depending on the amount and duration of exposure, exposure to ionizing radiation carries with it risk of:radiation burnshair loss"radiation sickness"cancerreduced life spangenetic damage
I assume you mean ionizing electromagnetic radiation. Cathode ray tube televisions (i.e. the non-flatscreen televisions) and some other electric devices produce some radiation. While it might sound pretty excessive all these sources add up to a very small amount of radiation. About 2.4 mSv. Most additional radiation people receive are from medical imaging methods such as a CT-scan (20 mSv)
Radiation is the emission (sending out) of energy from any source. The light that comes from the sun is a source of radiation, as is the heat that is constantly coming off our bodies. When talking about radiation, however, most people think of specific kinds of radiation such as that produced by radioactive materials or nuclear reactions. Most forms of radiation have not been linked to cancer. Only high frequency radiation (ionizing radiation and ultraviolet radiation) has been proven to cause genetic damage, which can lead to cancer. One type of molecule that is sensitive to ionizing radiation is DNA, the part of the cell that contains the genes (blueprints) for each person's characteristics. Ionizing radiation can lead to a mutation (change) in a cell's DNA, which could contribute to cancer, or to the death of the cell. All cells in the body can be damaged by ionizing radiation. The amount of damage is related to the dose of radiation received by the cell. While the process of cellular change from radiation takes only a fraction of a second, other changes such as the beginning of cancer may take years to develop.
Yes, even though they do emit ionizing radiation. The amount of radiation emitted from a smoke detector is about 1 hundredth of a millirem per year. The background radiation from radioactive isotopes in the ground is about 300 millirem per year. So the ground your standing on right now is exposing you to more radiation then your smoke detector ever will.
Alpha radiation: this consists of fast moving helium nuclei - i.e. two neutrons and two protons. Beta radiation: this is composed of single electrons. Gamma radiation: very high frequency, high energy electromagnetic radiation.
Perhaps you mean one of these, I can't tell:Alpha particle radiation: least penetrating ionizing radiation, 100% shielding provided by one sheet of paper.ELF radio: lowest energy radio waves (~0.01Hz), travels long distances and through water. U.S. Navy experimented with it for communicating with Submarines.Red light: Lowest frequency of visible light.Violet light: Shortest wavelength of visible light.Very High Energy Gamma radiation: Shortest wavelength of any known radiation.Anyway, least in what way?
As far as I know, reactors come in different sizes, producing different amounts of power, so you would expect the amount radiation to vary, as well.
Assuming you are discussing the new "full body" scanners at the airports... YES, but a very very small amount. You get a SMALL dose of ionizing radiation from using the machine. It doesn't make you radioactive and glow in the dark though.
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