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While not always blowing in the same direction, on average, global winds drag on the water's surface, causing it to move and build up in the direction that the wind is blowing. The coriolis effect causes these wind driven currents to form gyres. Differential drag driven from the surface layers to a depth of about 100m causes the formation of Ekman spirals, the effect of which is to cause the deeper layers to flow in the opposite direction to the surface.

However, the turnover from the DEEPEST layers of the ocean (The Global Conveyor Belt) is NOT driven by the wind but by differences in the water's density, which is controlled by temperature (thermo) and salinity (haline) - a process called thermohaline circulation.

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Q: What upwelling of water from deepest layers of the ocean is the wind induced?
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Describe the two steps of upwelling?

Upwelling is water raising from deep in the ocean to the surface. It can be caused by wind ar density currents.


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Upwelling brings up tiny ocean organisms, minerals, and other nutrients from the deeper layers of the water. Without this motion, the surface waters of the open ocean would be very scarce in nutrients.


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Streamlike movements of water that occur at or near the surface are called surface currents. So logically, a deep current are streamlike movements of water that flow very slowly along the ocean floor.


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No, the Pacific Ocean has the deepest trenches.


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the deepest ocean in the world is the pacific ocean


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If the Atlantic ocean is the second deepest ocean what is the deepest ocean?

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