Yom Kipper War of 1973; Israel vs Arabs.
The 1973 Arab-Israeli War was a war fought between Egypt and Syria against Israel. Arabs had been humiliated after the defeat in the Six Day War and were initially vindicated by early successes. They eventually lost due to poor logistical choices. Israel had to concede they could bank on continued military supremacy over the Arab states.
The Arabs declared war against Israel in 1948 when Israel declared Independence Israel declared war against Egypt in 1956 after being cut off from the Suez Canal. Israel declared war against Egypt in 1967 when the Straits of Tiran were blockaded. Jordan and Syria declared war against Israel in retaliation for the attack on Egypt. Egypt and Syria declared war on Israel in 1973 as a surprise attack.
Yes. The United States supported Israel midway through the war. The Soviets had already provided assistance to the Arabs.
Israel. There are some debates as to whether Egypt won in the Arab-Israeli War of 1973 or Hezbollah won in the Lebanon War of 2006, but it is generally accepted that Israel was victorious in nearly every conflict it has fought in.
The Six-Day War was fought between Israel and the coalition of Arab forces led by Egypt (the erstwhile United Arab Republic), Syria, and Jordan (with some support from Iraq and Lebanon), and was fought between June 5 and 10, 1967. The Yom Kippur War was fought between Israel and the neighboring Arab countries of Egypt and Syria, and was fought between October 6 and 25, 1973. Iraq and Jordan both supported Syrian troops to some extent, although there was little direct conflict with Israeli forces. Real or tacit support came from countries such as Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Algeria, Libya, Morocco, Tunisia, and Cuba.
The Arabs imposed an oil embargo on the Western World.
The Arab Oil Embargo of 1973 was a direct result of Arabs being infuriated that Western Nations supported Israel in the Arab-Israeli War of 1973.
UN was never successful in this regard although they did broker a number of armistices. However, the UN has been successful at maintaining the armistice between Syria and Israel since the Arab-Israeli War of 1973.
The four wars were fought by nations with completely opposing rationales for the wars. The Arab countries up to that point were consistently fighting wars with the intent to remove the State of Israel. Therefore, after each failure, they came to try again. When a country is completely opposed to the existence of another country, they will not try to negotiate with it to resolve the conflict because the other country will not concede their non-existence; it's a non-starter. Israel, in each of the four wars, fought to protect its interest in survival. (1956 was about economic survival.) Israel consistently tried to negotiate with the Arab States only to receive the Khartoum Declaration in 1967: No recognition of Israel, no conciliation with Israel, and no negotiations.
WWII was going on during that time
It was Yom Kippur, the Jewish Day of Atonement, which corresponded to 6 October 1973.