The Continental System. It only closed European ports to British Shipping and British products.
It was an action of economic warfare called the Continental System which failed because people wanted UK goods, and France did not have a Revenue Cutter System, a coast guard or an adequate Customs Service to end smuggling.
The "Continental System" was designed as a boycott (before that term existed) of British trade to bring that 'nation of shopkeepers' to its knees. However since Britain effectively ruled the (European) waves by then it had limited effect. Portugal never adhered to it, and when Napoleon invaded that country to try and enforce it, he set off a sequence of events that led ultimately to his downfall.
No. Australia was never closed to tourists.
It closed European airspace for a long time - and restricted flights to other parts of the planet. This caused delays in transporting goods, and thus some produce is more expensive as a result.
James Monroe proclaimed the Western Hemisphere closed to further European interference when he issued the Monroe Doctrine.
The Panic of 1873 caused an economic depression in the 1870s because banksacross the land closed .
The Panic of 1873 caused an economic depression in the 1870s because banksacross the land closed .
No. The last one closed in 2009, due to the economic crisis.
James Monroe
hepled European nations establish new western hemishere colonies
Monroe Doctrine
Yes, it was the first time most European air space was closed.