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Finding the sequence of all 20,000 to 25,000 of the active genes. ( and perhaps some inactive, transponsons, repeats and the like ) The whole base sequence, at least of one allele along the chromosome, that spells out the code for that particular gene protein product. In fact, sheets and sheets of paper can be filled with this......ATGCTTCAGG...and on and on. So, now you know the amino acid sequence coded for by this particular gene and all this implies.

Google Sanger method and sequencing for greater detail.

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