The Bible recounts several names for the Mediterranean. The most prevalent was "Great Sea" (Num. 34:6,7; Josh. 1:4, 9:1, 15:47; Ezek. 47:10,15,20).
Other Names:
"The Sea" (1 Kings 5:9; comp. 1 Macc. 14:34, 15:11)
"Western Sea", (Deut. 11:24; Joel 2:20)
"Sea of the Philistines" (Exod. 23:31)
The country of Turkey in biblical times was called Asia Minor. It was also called Anatolia.
Pakistan was not called anything during Biblical times. That area of the world was referred to as the Persian Empire.
Media
Samaria
Iranica
Umuegwu Okpuala
The name Persia actually comes from the Biblical Hebrew "Pars" (פרס). Therefore Persia is the Biblical name for the region.
In ancient Times, they followed a monolatrous religion that worshipped God, also called Biblical Judaism, today, they follow modern forms of Judaism.
Synagogue or tabernacle
In Biblical times, the tree that bore the almond was called the Luz.
Most Mediterranean countries have capitals that existed as cities during the Roman period or earlier, which would put them squarely in Biblical times, such as Jerusalem, Beirut, Amman, Damascus, Istanbul, Athens, Rome, Lisbon, Algiers, and Tripoli (among others).
The Kingdom of Israel occupied the land on the Mediterranean Sea corresponding roughly to the State of Israel of modern times.