The last reloading manual I have that lists Winchester 450LS powder is the Speer number 8 manual published 1970.
50-230 uSD
Winchester Business Centre
Depends on which powder is used, and there are several. If using Winchester W748, it would be about 23.5 grains of weight of powder.
was a 38-40 black powder
depends on which powder, and which .44. There were several different catridges with 44 in the name.
It was used for heavy field loads. 1 3/8 or 1 1/2. HS7 is kin to Winchester 571.May even be same powder.
Nothing, really, but the name of the cartridge. When Winchester introduced the Model 94 in 1894 in the brand new smokeless powder round .30 Winchester caliber, most of the other ammunition on the market was black powder and had names such as 25-20, 44-40, 45-70, etc. These names stood for the caliber (diameter of the bullet) and how many grains of black powder were in the load. The .30 Winchester didn't follow that convention an dpeople didn't know what to expect, so it was not well accepted in the market and sold poorly. In a marketing move, Winchester changed the name to 30-30 (still, of course, a smokeless powder round with identical components as the .30 Winchester) and the guns and ammunition sold quite well.
Yes, what powder are you using?
Winchester 785 powder was designed as a slow burning powder for heavy bullets in magnum cases. It's burning rate is approximately the same as IMR-4831 and H-450. Data for IMR-4831 would be a good starting point if you cannot find original Winchester 785 Data. Some older manuals such as Hornadys third edition shows 785 data for most of the common calibers.
230-450 dollars for a rifle with between 60%-95% of its original finish remaining,and a good bore.
We can't answer for a couple of reasons. Winchester does not make 44 pistols. Any load data is based on exact caliber (there is more than one 44 caliber) the bullet weight and type, and the type of powder used (there are dozens of different powders)