Dundee in the 19th century would have been smelly and crowded, with noisy markets and narrow cobbled streets traversed by horses and carts and littered with deposits of horse dung. Street-side butchers and fish vendors like those found at Butchers Row and Fish Street would often toss innards and unwanted flesh into street gutters, and householders threw refuse from tenement windows into the streets below. In the early 1800s, toilets were outdoors and shared by many families living in the same tenement block, and few public washing facilities were available for bathing. Dung heaps were often situated too close to public wells and triggered complaints from citizens about their drinking water being contaminated with faeces.
The cause was the central water pump in London. Then John Snow discovered that because all the people who collected water from that pump fell ill. So he demanded to take of the handle of the water pump, then cholera outbreak was solved! :)
In 1854 there was an outbreak of Cholera in London, which killed 10,000 + people. Official investigations into this proved that cholera is a water borne disease, and was the starting point for the science of Epidemiology.
Cholera
Name of the physician was Dr John Snow. The cholera out break occurred near Broad street in Soho district of London. (Now renamed Broad-wick street.)
In 1854 and 1873, there was an outbreak of cholera, so the Oktoberfest in both years was canceled. Cholera was a frequent illness in the 1800s, caused from drinking dirty or contaminated water. The Oktoberfest celebration was first held in 1810 for the marriage of Prince Ludwig.
The total number of people who died in the 1854 London cholera epidemic is 616. See related link for an excerpt from a book on the subject: This site also contains links to some really cool period maps, as well as to a firsthand account of the epidemic written by Dr. John Snow, the doctor who discovered the cause of the outbreak and treated many people affected by it.
cholera
June 25, 1854 from cholera.
Cholera bacteria was first isolated by Filipo pancini 1812-1883, 84 years before he was actually credited with its discovery. A paper was published by him in in 1854 during the Asiatic cholera pandemic of 1846-63. in it he has the description of the cholera causing organism and its relationship to the disease. It was titled Microscopical observations and pathological deductions on cholera.
In 1854 John Snow mapped the cases of cholera in Soho, London, and realised that almost all of them were likely to have taken their water from the same pump. The spread of cholera stopped when the handle of the Broad Street pump was removed.
London Paddington station was created in 1854.
Cholera is a disease... The disease cholera is caused by a bacterium. The bacterium was first described by Filippo Pacini in 1854, but it was Robert Koch's famous description thirty years later that was finally recognized.
John Snow was one of the first physicians to study and calculate dosages for the use of ether and chloroform as surgical anesthetics, allowing patients to undergo surgical and other procedures without the distress and pain they would otherwise experience. He is considered to be one of the fathers of epidemiology, because of his work in tracing the source of a cholera outbreak in Soho, England, in 1854. He is the one who found the source of a cholera outbreak in Soho was the water supply.Before that it was believed that the cholera was caused by pollution or a noxious form of "bad air". Saleesh Mohammed