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1976, when he died.
It ended when Mao Zedong died, which was 1976.
Mao Zedong believed that the working class would drive a Chinese revolution. He also believed that Communism was the best way to achieve the revolution's end goals.
Because he was responsible for all of the disaster, famine and fall of China after the Great Leap forward which ended badly.
At first, the Chinese thought it was a great idea that everyone got treated fairly. In the end, Mao died and Deng Xiaoping become the leader and everyone loved him. A word of advice, read "Mao's Last Dancer".
Mao Zedong's Long March ended in October 1935 when 8000 of the original 80,000 marchers reached Shaanxi Province.
Mao Zedong preached a philosophy that appealed to China's poor. (He promised to end oppression from landlords and government officials, etc.)
China became independent on 1st of October, 1949. At the end of Chinese civil war, Mao Zedong was in control of most parts of mainland China. He was the leader of the Communist party.
This is a highly subjective question. Many Chinese harbor a mix of both admiration and disdain for Mao Zedong, believing that he did the country a great deal of good by ending the corrupt rule of the Kuomintang, reforming the feudal system of land ownership, and ending the last vestiges of imperialist control over Mainland China. In this, he has become more of a figure of Chinese nationalism than one of international Socialist revolution. However, the catastrophes of the Great Leap Forward and Cultural Revolution can be laid at his feet. As one ambivalent man once told me, "Mao was clearly a great man, as only a great man can make the sort of mistakes that he did!" My personal judgment is that China today is, in some respects, slightly better off because of Mao and the CCP than it would be today if the KMT had won the civil war, and slightly worse off in others.
They did not trust western influences.
To what end? The US gained no territories as a result of the First World War.
After the death of Mao Zedong, the Gang of Four (his widow and her allies), attempted to seize control and continue the Cultural Revolution and isolationist agenda. However, Deng Xiaopin and the Eight Elders seized control, arrested and jailed the Gang of Four and brought China out of economic depression into the Four Modernizations Program.