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What was the group of romes citizens who were arisans shopkeeper and oweners of small farms?
Wiki User
∙ 11y ago
During the Republic they were called plebeians -- the early republic, that is. Later they were simply the proletariat, with perhaps some of them being wealthy enough to enter the equite class.
The term plebeian still existed in the Mid and Late Republic. The Gracchi brothers were plebeian tribunes, rallied the plebeian movement and used the plebeian council to promote their reforms in favour of poor plebeinas. This was in the late republic.
The term proletariat is modern. We have been using this term to mean the working class since Karl Marx used it that way in the 19th century. The Romans did not even have the term proletariat. They only had the term prolerarii (proletarians). The term had military purposes. It referred to those who were not drafted in the early army because the value of their property was below the threshold required for the draft. This was because the individual had to provide and pay for his military equipment. The poorer people were spared this expense. An alternative term for these people was capite censi - those who were counted in the census per head, rather than on the basis of property. One of the purposes of the early census was to assess people's property values and decide who would be drafted. When property qualifications were abolished, conscription was done away with, the state paid for the equipment of the soldier and everyone was allowed to join the army, it is likely the term proletarii became redundant. The working class in a modern social class and cannot be compared with earlier social classes.
Wiki User
∙ 11y ago
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