What was the main goal in the battle tactics of concentration and flanking?

Answer 1

As it came to pass in 18th century Europe, the goal of an offensive was to concentrate a large force of troops and attack the flanks of an enemy army that was spread out to guard against any type of frontal assault over as wide an area as was feasible. The attacking army would distract the enemy by placing enough troops in formation for a frontal attack and protect these troops with fortifications and artillery. The main forces of the attacker would take advantage of the apparent frontal assault and move a concentrated force to the enemy's flank or its rear guard. This concentration under ideal circumstances would break through the enemy lines and cause a hasty retreat or a battle where the attacker had the advantage of more troops and the element of surprise.