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The political structure of medieval Europe is Feudalism.
the catholic church
Both acted as a unifying force in europe
Churches are illustrative of the innovative architecture of medieval Europe.
Churches
The Crusades united Christians in a common cause against a foreign enemy.
Churches
the leaning tower of Pisa.
Christianity, specifically Catholicism, was spread all over Europe by the Roman empire, and continued after its collapse. The Catholic church centered in Rome became very important institution.
With the pope but some power went to the counts as well.
Oversimplified, the major unifying force of Europe during the middle ages was universal Christianity (both Roman Catholic and Orthodox) providing an us-vs-them mentality in oppostion to their Islamic foes in the Ottoman Empire, the caliphates (abbasid, fatimid, etc.), the Emirate of Cordoba, and Al-Andulas.
Medieval life in Europe was characterized by?