The sleeveless garment called surcote or jupe in Anglo-Norman French seems to have been developed around 1175 as a means of keeping the mail armour of a knight cool under a hot sun. The idea was copied from Turkish, Arabic and Egyptian garments with the same purpose - one of many influences resulting directly from the crusades.
At first these surcotes were quite plain, either white or dyed a single overall colour. Only much later did they start to bear the coat of arms of the knight.
The term jupe (sometimes jupon or jupam) comes directly from the Arabic word jubbah, a long outer garment worn by wealthy Moslems. The term surcote is simply formed of Anglo-Norman French sur (over, on top of, above) and cote (a tunic or outer garment).
YES
the middle ages
The predominant staircase design in the Middle Ages was the spiral design for stairs. Spiral stairs were used from the medieval ages and are still used in many modern houses.
The hammer and sickle were used in the middle ages for a variety of different tasks. Both items were used to pound things into the ground and to cut grain.
they were used to grow apples.
Castles in the Middle Ages were used to keep out enemies.
See the question: What are some weapons used in the middle ages?
In the Middle Ages
people in the middle ages used letters or talking to face to face
because they used wood smoke as a deorderant in the middle ages
knights
YES
to entertain
Yes, polyphony was used during the Middle Ages. We do not have any real idea of when polyphony was introduced, but the earliest texts describing it date to the Early Middle Ages. By the end of the Middle Ages, it was highly developed. There is a link below to an article on polyphony, beginning at the section on its origins.
It was used in the middle ages by monks!
the middle ages
The predominant staircase design in the Middle Ages was the spiral design for stairs. Spiral stairs were used from the medieval ages and are still used in many modern houses.