One was disease (:
In the late nineteenth century America cities: The middle and upper classes lived in the newer suburbs
Poverty, war, and famine caused the cities to grow in population at the end of the nineteenth century.
Daniel Burnham
The middle and upper classes lived in the newer suburbs.
Cities built sewers and supplied purified water
European battles for Indian Ocean trade disrupted traditional trade networks, leading to economic shifts and the decline of many Asian port cities. These conflicts also brought about increased European political and military interference in the Asian regions.
Municipal water supplies, sewers, and garbage collection
In the nineteenth century, most US cities did not face widespread issues related to advanced technological infrastructure, such as internet connectivity or modern transportation systems like subways and electric trains. Instead, cities grappled with challenges like overcrowding, sanitation, and labor unrest. The absence of modern technology meant that problems related to communication and information access were minimal compared to the pressing social and economic issues of the time.
During the early nineteenth century there was a vast migration from the country into cities. This migration led to major problems in cities such as waste-management. It also helped to create urban slums. In addition to the migration from the American countryside, there were also waves of immigrants pouring into the country throuh Ellis Island, making cities, especially New York and its surrounding areas a lot more ethnically diverse. Because most of these immigrants were also poor, their coming to cities was another contributing factor to urban slums.
Cities built sewers and supplied purified water
Tenement and apartment housing rose in popularity in cities around industry in the early nineteenth century. Renting better accommodated immigrants with little investment for owning a home.
The Telegraph and the railroads