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They were fighting for Southern Independence and the Rights of the States..
land.
About 500,000 - 2,000,000
The Union Army in the North and the Confederate Army in the South
The ones fighting for the South - the cotton-growing slave-states.
During the first half of the American Civil War, Confederate cavalry was, indeed, superior to Union cavalry due to superior training and experience on the part of Southern officers and troopers. As the war progressed, Union quality increased dramatically, while attrition among Confederate cavalry led to a sharp decrease in its fighting effectiveness.
The Southern states that formed the Confederate States of American were fighting for independence from the United States of American. The United States (mostly Norther states) were fighting to keep them.
Union fought to free slaves, Confederate fought to stay slave states.
As the start of the US Civil War unfolded a number of Union army officers decide to resign and join the new Confederate army. Approximately 296 joined and many had been excellent Union officers.
I don't see civilians fighting a civil war against police forces. For the most part, police officers are good people.
The Citadel's main purpose was in favor of fighting the Civil War when it was founded, I'm not sure of an actual founder, maybe just the confederate politics, but i do know that the first president of the Citadel was Captain Graham of the united states army in the early 1840's. The Citadel was founded before there was ever any thought of the Civil War. It was founded in 1842 by the State to train young men to serve as officers in the state militia. When the Civil War came along 20 years later, The Citadel provided a ready supply of trained men and officers to serve as a fighting unit.
To the surprise of many US Civil War buffs, a number of Union and Confederate officers became members of Egypt's military after the war. As one example, Confederate general William Loring joined Egypt's military forces.