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  • Workers lived in tenements which were usually very crowded, small, and dirty. They often had 3 to 4 families per room. Waste was put in the backyard in a trench, and there was no indoor Plumbing.
  • Factory conditions were terrible. Safety was not high on the list, for factories usually only had one exit. This helped regulate who was coming into and leaving the factory, but in the event of a disaster, would be a death sentence to anyone trying to leave. Factories also had no fire escapes on windows, and windows were usually few and far between. Workers also wore a minimum amount of clothes, for factories were hot, especially steel mills, were workers often times worked naked with scalding hot metal only feet away.
  • Women earned half of what men earned.
  • Women and children were large parts of the workforce.
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14y ago
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13y ago

Women earned half of what men earned.

Women and children were large parts of the workforce. There were arbitrary wage cuts

There were arbitrary wage cuts.

Women and children were large parts of the workforce.

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11y ago

ruff children were beaten whipped. also children died as they had to clean under machines where there arms and legs could get caught and rip off.

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Factories were airless, stinking and the overseers treated the children extremely poorly. These awful conditions made factories became the nightmare of children working there; as they understandably hated the work but had to go to the factories to keep their families alive.

Children had to withstand horrible conditions in the factories for up to 15 hours a day and they were employed as young as five years old. Wages are thought to be about 1 penny for a young child and slightly more for older children with harder work. 3-4 pennies was enough for a minimum amount of food and some families were completely dependant on children bringing home money for food. Having to work up to 9 at night and then attending late lessons made the children tired and liable to accidents as the factories themselves were dangerous. The factory owners wanted to make as much profit as possible therefore built the factories very cheaply- not including any safety measures (e.g. machine safety guards) whatsoever. Children could not complain about their jobs to the factory owners because they would just lose their job which would mean their families would suffer. The factory inspectors were easily bribed so did not find out about the young age of children for a long time; some workers were forced to lie and therefore the conditions did not improve because few non-working people actually knew what happened inside the factories.

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Q: What were typical late 19th century factories like?
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