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Water vapors are cooled and condensed in the condenser.
Water vapor condenses in a cold condenser tube.
Condensation of gas will reject out heat, running cold water through condenser absorbing heat and help the condensation process.
If the water vapor amount stayed the same, then the relative humidity would be greater.
Capillary action. When water is in a narrow area or in a porous substance, surface tension pulls the water from areas of high density to areas of low density. Imagine putting a dry sponge in a puddle of water. Like that.
Condenses vapours of liquids so they condense back to liquid. They are composed of a tube carrying the vapour with a water jacket around it through which cold water can pass
A Liebig condenser is about the most simple condenser going. It has a gas or vapor pathway that is enclosed by a jacket of through which a cooling fluid (water, maybe) is passed. The cooling fluid cools the outer surface of the vapor tube and this cooling effect reaches the inner wall of the vapor tube to cool the vapor and cause it to condense. There are a couple of nice drawings that can be viewed by using the link to our friends at Wikipedia.
boiling chips are not added to the distillation flask. the thermometer bulb is placed in the boiling liquid. the water to the water-jacketed condenser is not turned on.
Because the water flowing into the condenser will be warmer on exiting the system. While it doesn't make a huge difference, having colder water at the end of the condenser means that gases with lower volatility will have a greater chance of condensing before passing out of the system :)
The inside of the air conditioner condenser can be cleaned by removing the hoses and running water through the condenser. Run water through the condenser until the water exiting the condenser is clear.
Water
Because if water enters from the lowest point, the condenser will always be filled with cold water to ensure efficient cooling. The water should always flow into a condenser at its lowest point and exit from its highest point. This avoids trapping air in the water jacket.
Water vapors are cooled and condensed in the condenser.
Water vapor condenses in a cold condenser tube.
Heat. The condenser acts through cooling with a greater surface area (on the inside of the condenser); the constant fluid flow keeps the temperature down. If you were to assemble the apparatus so that the water flows from top to bottom, the condenser would never fill up, and your reaction will have difficulty cooling down. Risky if you have volatile chemicals or a reaction that you need to keep cool.
ice turned to water (melting) dissolving salt or sugar into water
water jacket saves us from the force of the water we are in.