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Australia's federation occurred on 1 January 1901.

Prior to 1901, Australia was made up of six self-governing colonies; New South Wales, Victoria, South Australia, Queensland, Western Australia and Tasmania. On 1 January 1901, federation of the colonies meant these colonies, or states, were joined under the name of the Commonwealth of Australia. Essentially, this meant the first step to Australia becoming independent of England, and the first step towards self-government.

Australia's first Governor-General, John Hope, made the proclamation at Centennial Park in Sydney. Australia's first Prime Minister was Edmund Barton.

Advantages of federation were freedom of trade and removal of tariffs on trade over state borders; better and more unified defence; and more uniform laws across Australia.

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Q: What year did Australia become a federation and what does it mean?
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