What year was the year of Switzerland's independence?

Answer 1

This question is difficult to answer because most of the Swiss cantons (states) were originally independent countries, which all have different histories and dates of independence and different dates when they joined Switzerland.

Switzerland's traditional date for Independence is 1291. But this is just the date when the three original cantons agreed to a military alliance. It became de facto independent in 1499 and its independence was recognised by treaty in 1648. But some other parts of what is now Switzerland did not join until later, for example Geneva joined in 1815.