The lower court cannot overturn the higher court's decision.
The methods of judicial selection for federal appellate judges state appellate and state trial judges
When a case is resolved by the lower trial court, the losing party can appeal that decision to a higher, reviewing court. The lawyers for each side submit briefs, which are written versions of their arguments as to why the trial court committed some kind of error. After the appellate judges review the briefs, the lawyers conduct oral argument before the appellate panel of judges. They then render their decision.
An appellate brief is a persuasive paper written on why the lower court's decision was either correct or incorrect. Appellate judges decide to uphold a case or overrule it based on these briefs.
No. In both State and Federal systems, appellate Court Judges alone render a decision on the merits of the appeal based on the evidence contained within the record of the trial court. There are no juries empaneled in an appellate courts.
Generally Appellate Judges are not looking for anything when they review a case. An appeal lawyer has presented his reasons why the appellate court should grant relief for his client. He lists the reasons on his brief. It refers to specific lines on transcript and to relevant case law. The judges read his brief. The opponent's attorney (prosecutor if criminal or plaintiff if civil) may enter his brief and explains why the other lawyer is wrong. The Appellate Judges examine the arguments and make their decision. (A lot of the work is done by law clerks just out of law school. They check the legal references in the law library or on line. Then they bring the relevant ones to the judges with their suggested decisions. The Judges read the clerks conclusions but make their own decisions.
No. State courts do not have jurisdiction over one another. For instance, a Maryland state court's decision is not binding on a Pennsylvania state court and vice versa. Likewise, a Pennsylvania court lacks the jurisdiction to overturn any state case law from Maryland. Federal courts, however, do have the power to overturn state court decisions in many (but not all) instances.
No. Judges cannot overturn when you have been found not liable.
Generally Appellate Judges are not looking for anything when they review a case. An appeal lawyer has presented his reasons why the appellate court should grant relief for his client. He lists the reasons on his brief. It refers to specific lines on transcript and to relevant case law. The judges read his brief. The opponent's attorney (prosecutor if criminal or plaintiff if civil) may enter his brief and explains why the other lawyer is wrong. The Appellate Judges examine the arguments and make their decision. (A lot of the work is done by law clerks just out of law school. They check the legal references in the law library or on line. Then they bring the relevant ones to the judges with their suggested decisions. The Judges read the clerks conclusions but make their own decisions.
Generally Appellate Judges are not looking for anything when they review a case. An appeal lawyer has presented his reasons why the appellate court should grant relief for his client. He lists the reasons on his brief. It refers to specific lines on transcript and to relevant case law. The judges read his brief. The opponent's attorney (prosecutor if criminal or plaintiff if civil) may enter his brief and explains why the other lawyer is wrong. The Appellate Judges examine the arguments and make their decision. (A lot of the work is done by law clerks just out of law school. They check the legal references in the law library or on line. Then they bring the relevant ones to the judges with their suggested decisions. The Judges read the clerks conclusions but make their own decisions.
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In the US, a magistrate does not have the authority to overturn a trial court judges' ruling. If there was a trial and the Judge made an error, you can appeal within a certain amount of time. You would appeal to the state Appellate Court or Supreme Court, depending on how the state's courts are organized. However, not liking the trial judge's ruling is not grounds for appeal. There must be a legitimate legal basis, such as misapplication of the law. If you believe you have grounds for appeal, you should speak with your lawyer immediately.
Referred to collectively as "The Court" or sometimes "The Bench." If the judges are working together, as they often do on appellate courts, they may be called a "panel."