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722 BC
There are two different empires at play here. The empire that destroyed the Northern Kingdom of Israel was Assyria in 722 BCE. The empire that took the Jews into captivity (and destroyed the Southern Kingdom of Judah) was Babylonia in 586 BCE.
No. The Ancient Northern Kingdom of Israel was conquered by Assyria, but that is the extent of the relationship between Israel and Assyria. The modern State of Israel was founded by the descendants (2600+ years later) of the Ancient Southern Kingdom of Judah.
There are two major periods when the Israelites were in captivity. The first was the captivity in Egypt under Pharaoh and the second was the Babylonian captivity. A third captivity could be considered the Northern Kingdom of Israel being carried off to Assyria - however, this was an apostate group and only children of God by race rather than by religion.
Assyria destroyed the northern kingdom, Israel. The final destruction occurred in 722 BCE, after which it became the Assyrian province of Samaria.
Exactly that: the Northern Kingdom of Israel.
The fall of the Northern Kingdom (Israel) occurred in 722 BC when the Assyrians conquered it. The fall of the Southern Kingdom (Judah) occurred in 586 BC when the Babylonians conquered it. Therefore, there are approximately 136 years between the fall of the Northern and Southern Kingdoms.
Rehoboam Another answer: Rehav'am (Rehoboam) did not conquer the Northern Kingdom. Rather, he took leadership over it when it was formed (the Ten Tribes seceded from the rule of King David's descendants). The Northern Kingdom was conquered by the Assyrian king Shalmanesser.
Assuming you mean the northern kingdom known as Israel, then this was conquered by Assyria.
== == People were deported on more than one occasion from the Northern Kingdom of Israel. Tiglath-Pileser III was the first king to deport people from the Northern Kingdom in 732 B.C. (2 Kings 15:29). Shalmaneser V attacked Israel after they rebelled again, but died during the siege of its capital Samaria. His successor, Sargon II deported about 27,000 people in 722 B.C.
A:Judah became a vassall state of Assyria, paying an annual tribute, but was never conquered by Assyria in the same way as Israel was in 722 BCE.
The people of the northern kingdom did not go into captivity in Assyria. Their aristocracy was sent to rule a province in Assyria, and that province's aristocracy was imported to rule Israel. This was a technique used by the Assyrians to ensure that aristocracies were not friendly with the inhabitants and lead uprisings, rather they would keep the people quiet. The Israelite aristocracy remained in Assyria, absorbed into the population. The ten tribes of Israelites remained in Israel. The Babylonians who took over Assyria did the same thing when they captured southern Judea - deported the aristocracy to Babylon and brought in an unsympathetic replacement one. When Persia took over from Babylon, Cyrus gave the Judean aristocracy the option of returning to try to reclaim their estates. Some did, the remainder stayed in Babylon where they were comfortably established.