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Great question!

Perhaps the most organized, methodological point-by-point confrontation to Protestantism was the ecumenical Council of Trent (1545-1563).

The Council was called by Pope Paul III and convened irregularly over 18 years for 25 sessions:

  • sessions 1-10 (1545-47) were under Pope Paul III
  • sessions 11-16 (1551-1553) were under Pope Julius III, and
  • sessions 17-25 (1562-1563) were under Pope Pius IV

Along with the formal declarations of reform at the Council of Trent, there were also several prominent Catholic individuals who were known for implementing the reforms of the council. Among the more prominent are St. Peter Canisius, St. Charles Borromeo, St. Philip of Neri, St. Teresa of Avila and, of course, St. Ignatius of Loyola.

The actual documents of the council of Trent, as well as the lives of these saints, can be studied in greater detail in the related links below.

REFERENCES

Fr. Armenio, P. ed. Fr. Socias, J. The History of the Church, A Complete Course. (Woodridge, IL: Midwest Theological Forum, 2005).

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