The BIOS.
John von Neumann in the 1940's described the idea of a computer architecture with a CPU (central processing unit) executing computer instructions from the same memory that also stored computer data.
By stored-program computer, we mean a machine in which the program, as well as the data, are stored in memory, each word of which can be accessed in uniform time. Most of the high-level language programming the reader.
Everything. All of the code that tells the computer how to boot up and shut down and all of your files and programs.
A computer stores information in form of bits, in different ways. For example, on a hard disk, where your information is stored in the long term, the information is stored through magnetization, while on a CD, of the printed type, each bit of information is stored by the presence or absence of a hole.
None of these are considered to be components of a von neumann/stored program computer. Their meanings are, or have been:CPU, central processing unit (a combination of ALU and CU)core, a now obsolete form of RAM using ceramic ferrite cores strung on a wire matrixcore, one CPU within a microprocessor IC containing multiple CPUsRAM, random access memory (capable of both reading and writing)ROM, read only memory (usually also capable of random access)The components of a von neumann/stored program computer are:ALU, arithmetic logic unit (processes data under control of the CU)CU, control unit (processes instructions)memory, storage for both instructions and data (may contain RAM and/or ROM)I/O, input and output unitsThe main difference between a von neumann/stored program computer and a harvard computer is that the harvard computer has two entirely separate memories: one just for instructions (that is only connected to the CU) and one just for data (that is only connected to the ALU and I/O). As a standard harvard computer cannot modify/write its own program the instruction memory is typically entirely ROM and requires special external means of loading it.
The BIOS.
The instructions are stored in the Master Boot Record (MBR).
It is important because the human does not have to execute instruction from without the machine. Instructions can be stored in memory and executed in sequence referencing the data values it needs on which to operate.
memory
'Stored program' was the breakthrough that enabled computers to perform complex tasks in fractions of a second. Being able to do arithmetic and evaluate formulas fast would be useless if a person had to keep telling the computer what to do next. The trick was encoding the list of instructions into numbers that could coexist in the computer's memory along with data, and having a 'processor' built into the machine to decode and execute the instructions. Now the computer could do both, calculate and control the sequence of calculations, at electronic speed. Many credit John von Neumann with devising the stored program concept, but probably several others were also involved.
'Stored program' was the breakthrough that enabled computers to perform complex tasks in fractions of a second. Being able to do arithmetic and evaluate formulas fast would be useless if a person had to keep telling the computer what to do next. The trick was encoding the list of instructions into numbers that could coexist in the computer's memory along with data, and having a 'processor' built into the machine to decode and execute the instructions. Now the computer could do both, calculate and control the sequence of calculations, at electronic speed. Many credit John von Neumann with devising the stored program concept, but probably several others were also involved.
Intel is the trade name of one brand of processor. Like most processors, their fundamental job is to execute a sequence of instructions that make up a computer program. Typical functions of a processor is to perform arithmetic and logical operation, extract instructions stored in memory, decodes then executes those instructions, then outputing the results. A simple analogy is to say, the processor is the "brains" of the computer. Without it, the system will fail to operate as a whole.
The CMOS (complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor) chip. This memory contains your BIOS (Basic Input Output System) Your BIOS tells the computer where to look for a boot disk. The computer then goes to find it and looks for a Master Boot Record on the disk (cd, floppy, hard, etc). The MBR then give additional instructions on files to load from locations on the disk. Those files link to other files and so on.
Von Neumann was the first person to suggest to concept of the stored program. This concept states that there is no difference between computer instructions and data. More importantly, he suggested that it was not necessary to have separate storage location for a computer program and data -- hence today, computer instructions are stored in primary memory for execution, along with other data.
The cell that is stored with instructions is chromosomes. Hoped this helped :).
The cell that is stored with instructions is chromosomes. Hoped this helped :).
Memory cache stores frequently used instructions and data on a computer. Cache memory is stored on a memory chip in an area of the RAM.