This is a loaded question - very hard to answer as not knowing if the patient a hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis or has some kidney function or no kidney function. So, I found a link that may be of interest that you could find out any information you need to know.
I found a link for you that may be of interest:
http://www.kidneyfund.org/index.asp
Starter fluid is sprayed into the air intake or carburetor of snow blower. This allows the vehicle to have highly flammable ready to burn when it is started.
Fluid intake in these conditions would depend upon the severity of the disease. I varies by the individual. Doctors would make their determinations by monitoring lab values and signs and symptoms of fluid overload.
Either remove it manually by surgery or give this patient diuretics in addition to the prescription your doc may prescribe.
I have a 98 Malibu and I know from experience that antifreeze can leak from the intake gasket. It cost me $400 to fix it. At first we thought it was tranny fluid because it was pink, not that! I have Dexcool in my car and that is what was leaking from the intake. Common problem for the 3800 II; GMs` later 3800s have ALUMINUM intakes; I guess they found the problem, yet they didn`t choose to fix the other cars.....bastards...
Check brake fluid level in master cylinder when cold (fluid expands when heated) Make sure parking brake is fully released
when the fluids are served to the patient
Puffiness in the patient related to edema, or fluid retention, may be relieved after dialysis treatment. The patient's overall sense of physical well-being may also be improved
a baseline for normalcy can be difficult to gauge. Puffiness in the patient related to edema, or fluid retention, may be relieved after dialysis treatment. The patient's overall sense of physical well being may also be improved.
In general most dialysis patients are limited to about one and one-half quarts of fluid per day. However, the individual recommended fluid intake for all dialysis and renal patients varies greatly and depends on many factors related to the individual patient. For example, the patient's current kidney function, the patient's individual ability to urinate, his or her diet, and the type of dialysis treatment the patient receives, if any, all play a role in the determining the recommended amount. The consequences of too much fluid intake can be severe, potentially causing an increase in blood pressure and subsequent issues with the heart. If you have any questions about your individual recommendations, please consult with your nephrologist and dietician. There are a few things to be aware of when regulating fluids. The total fluid amount includes not only beverages, but also liquid in foods as well. Soups, excessively juicy fruits (like oranges and watermelon), and frozen treats which turn to liquid at room temperature, all count toward the total daily fluid intake. Avoiding highly salted foods can be beneficial since they tend to make you more thirsty and also cause the retention of fluids in the body.
1.5 - 2 Litres
In case of dehydration In fluid and electrolyte imbalance In kidney impairment patients In case of dialysis patients
peritoneal dialysis work on the same principle except abdomen has a peritoneal cavity, lined by a thin epithelium called as peritoneum. peritoneal cavity is filled with dialysis fluid that enters the body through a catheter. excess water and waste pass through the peritoneum into the dialysis fluid. this process is repeated several times in a day.
urine
Many patients who have edema -- fluid retention -- often reduce their water and fluid intake. But this can compound the problem with edema. Fluid intake increases blood volume and stimulates the kidneys to remove fluid wastes. At the cellular level in tissues, increased fluid volume promotes better circulation, which prompts the cells to increase how they move wastes into the bloodstream for transport to the kidneys for processing.However, each patient must discuss this with their doctor. Some patients do have fluid restrictions depending on that patient's medical conditions. But generally speaking, most people can handle normal fluid intake when they have edema and often see better kidney function and less edema.
The dialysis fluid is different to plasmas in that it does not have the uric acid and urea in it.. besides that- it has no excess salts either.
because if the concentrations are different ,important or much needed substances may pass out of the blood into the tube if the concentration of that substance is low in the patients blood, so conditions of the patient can become even worst.
the concentration of urea should be kept low in the dialysis fluid because urea is harmful for our body if it is not removed.