The nucleus remain unchanged.
A nitrogen atom typically achieves an octet of electrons in an ionic bond by gaining three electrons to attain a stable octet configuration of 8 valence electrons. This usually occurs when nitrogen forms an ionic bond with elements that readily donate electrons, such as metals.
All halogens have 7 valence electrons. They gain one electron and achieve noble gas electronic configuration
Phosphorus achieves a noble gas configuration by gaining or sharing electrons to fill its valence shell, typically reaching a total of eight electrons. This often occurs when phosphorus forms compounds, such as phosphides with metals or covalent compounds with nonmetals like oxygen and chlorine. In its most stable form, phosphorus can be found in P₄ molecules, where it shares electrons with other phosphorus atoms, thus achieving a stable electronic arrangement.
Calcium achieves a stable octet by losing two electrons from its outermost shell, which contains four electrons. By doing so, it attains the electron configuration of the nearest noble gas, argon, with a complete outer shell of eight electrons. This loss of electrons results in the formation of a positively charged ion (Ca²⁺), which is energetically favorable, leading to greater stability. Thus, calcium achieves a stable octet through electron loss rather than gaining or sharing electrons.
either by losing, gaining or sharing electrons.
Gallium can obtain eight outer-shell electrons by forming covalent bonds with other elements that share electrons in a way that achieves a full octet, or by accepting electrons to achieve a stable electron configuration similar to a noble gas.
Atoms can attain the same electron configuration as noble gases by either gaining, losing, or sharing electrons to achieve a full outer shell (valence shell) of electrons. This allows the atom to achieve stability similar to the noble gas configuration.
Krypton could gain a noble gas configuration by either losing 4 electrons to reach the stable configuration of argon or gaining 3 electrons to reach the stable configuration of xenon. This would involve either forming a 4+ cation or gaining a 3- anion.
By gaining, losing or sharing electrons and forming chemical bonds / compounds
iodine has 7 electrons in the valence shell. and needs one more electron to attain stable noble gas configuration. So it gains one electron and forms iodide ion with charge of -1.
Yes, bromine tends to react by gaining electrons to achieve a stable electron configuration. It is a halogen and has seven valence electrons, so it typically gains one electron to complete its octet and attain a stable electronic configuration.
No, chlorine tends to react by gaining electrons. Chlorine is a non-metal and it typically gains one electron to achieve a full octet and attain a stable electron configuration.