erosion
I think it is called Erosion
hollowed out places on the moons surface are called
The homophones that match those definitions are "roes" and "rows." "Roes" refers to the material spread over a surface, while "rows" refers to the place where a wild animal lies.
Moving soil
It is called a soil deposit.
Nomads
The men that move cattle from place to place are called ranchers or cowboys. They live on ranches.
If vaporization takes place at the surface of a liquid, it is called evaporation. but when evaporation occurs throughout the substance it is called boiling.
More surface area to dissipate heat, the more exposed surface of a material the more place to 'let out' the heat
No, since there is no such word, it cannot be what the process is called.
Erosion
It is called a vent.