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How does arteriolar resistance affect blood pressure?
the constriction of the smooth muscles surrounding the arteriole closes the opening and reduces blood flow through the arteriole. With this reduced blood flow more blood is left in the artery
Because net inward pressure in venular capillary ends is less than net outward pressure of the arteriolar ends of capillaries?
The net inward pressure in venular capillary ends is less than the net outward pressure in arteriolar ends of capillaries because of two main factors: the hydrostatic pressure and the osmotic pressure. In venular capillary ends, the hydrostatic pressure is reduced due to the resistance of the venous system, while the osmotic pressure remains constant. In arteriolar ends, the hydrostatic pressure is higher due to the force exerted by the heart and the osmotic pressure remains the same. As a result, more fluid is filtered out of the capillaries at the arteriolar ends than is reabsorbed at the venular ends.
What effect does increased airway resistance have on intra-pleural pressure?
Increased airway resistance leads to increased negative intra-pleural pressure (more negative pressure), as it requires increased effort to overcome the resistance and maintain adequate airflow into the lungs. This increased pressure difference helps to keep the airways patent by promoting dilation of the bronchioles. If the resistance becomes too high, it can result in excessive negative pressure and potentially lead to airway collapse.
What controls the diameter of the arterioles and what do changes in diameter affect?
Arterioles are the smallest vessels of the arterial system, with a diameter of about 1/3 millimeter or smaller. There is much smooth muscle in their tunica media, which causes vasocontrictionwhen it contracts, and vasodilation when it relaxes. Such vasoconstriction and vasodilation plays two important roles in the cardiovascular system.controls of distribution of blood flow to different parts of the bodydetermines the total peripheral resistance
In the absence of any regulatory mechanisms what effect do you think an increase in blood pressure would have on glomerular filtration rate?
Generally speaking, it would increase. However, it depends on the reason for the hypertension. For instance, if there is an obstruction or constriction of the renal artery (stenosis, malignancy, etc...) the physiologic affect would to increase the body's BP. This is due to the fact that the obstruction is decreasing hydrostatic pressure to the glomerulus, and transiently decreasing GFR. The body compensates by increasing BP to increase GFR. Patients that present with a renal artery stenosis could in fact be hypertensive with a decreased GFR.
What might an abnormal increase in venous pressure indicates?
these factors can increase central venous pressure: decreased cardiac output, increased blood volume, venous constriction,forced expiration, muscle contraction
What might an abnormal increase venous pressure indicate?
these factors can increase central venous pressure: decreased cardiac output, increased blood volume, venous constriction,forced expiration, muscle contraction
If pressure is constant and current increases the resistance?
I assume you meant pressure to voltage. The resistance of a conductor is directly proportional to the temperature of the conductor. If the temperature of the conductor increases due to increased current, then the resistance tend to increase too.
What is the blood pressure of a capillary bed?
Pressure at capillary bed varies from 32mmHg at the arteriolar end to about 10mmHg at venous end, with an average of 17mmHg
Sympathetic nervous system stimulation causes what?
with stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system there will be a. constriction of the pupils b. dilation of the coronary arteries c. constriction of selected blood vessels d. profuse sweating
What happens with net inward pressure in venular capillary ends is less than net outward pressure at the arteriolar ends of capillaries?
More fluid leaves the capillaries than returns.
What promotes constriction of blood vessels resulting in elevation of blood pressure?
Angiostensin
