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Roman civil law was never passed. It evolved over nearly 1,000 years. The first written law was the Law of the Ten Tables (450 BC) which was complied by a committee of ten men (decemviri) due to popular demand for a written and published law. It was not voted on. Over the next 430 years of the Roman Republic Roman law evolved through amendments and innovations made by the praetors, the chief justices. Under the the rule by emperors the emperors issued enactments which were not voted on because the emperors were absolute rulers.

Emperor Justinian the Great commissioned the Corpus Juris Civilis (Body of Civil Law) which was published in 534 AD. This was a compendium of a selection of edited extracts from 400 years of imperial enactments. It codified, organised and rationalised Roman civil law because over the centuries it had become chaotic. It also scrapped redundant enactments and clarified obscure passages. Again, it was not voted on because emperors did not need to have their laws passed.

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