1897, 25th June
First ever satellite to land on the planet Mars was a Russian probe called Mars 2. Albeit it did not land but crashed. The first successful probe to land on Mars was Mars 3 sent by the Russians, however the probe was operational for 15 minutes after landing on Mars. The first American probe to land on Mars was the Viking 1 on the 20th of July 1976.
The first Mars space probe expeditions that did not land on Mars were the Mariner missions, specifically Mariner 4, Mariner 6, and Mariner 7. These missions provided the first close-up images of Mars and valuable data about the planet's environment.
The NASA space probe Pathfinder landed on Mars in July 1997.
known by my knowledge it is mars 2 c'OS mars 1 did not have successful landing both of them are probes of the soviet union
The first Mars space probe expedition that did not land on Mars by the US was Mariner 4, launched on November 28, 1964. It provided the first close-up images of another planet as it conducted a flyby of Mars on July 14, 1965, sending back 21 photos.
The first successful Mars probe, Mars 1, was launched from the USSR on November 1, 1962. The most recent probe, India's Mangalyaan (Mars Orbiter Mission), was launched on November 5, 2013, and reached Martian orbit on September 24, 2014.
Pathfinder is expected to land in May 2008. Before this, it was the Opportunity rover in 2004.
Although it is not certain that "Beagle 2" actually crashed onto Mars, it was due to land on the surface on 25th December 2003
Below link under recent missions
The Russian space probe Mars 2 went to space in the year of 1973.
The Viking 1 lander is generally regarded as the first major probe that has landed on Mars. It landed in 1976. It was the first man made object to land on the surface of Mars.
No Viking landed on the Moon. They landed on Mars. Look the program up on Wikipedia, it's pretty interesting.