When you need to cover distances longer than 200 meters. Also fiber optics is recommended when you have high load connection, for instance, between building, floors and so on.
in optical fiber WDM technolgu is used how wavelength coverts into data rate
1. Copper UTP (Unshielded Twisted Pair) 2. Optical Fiber
Fiber optic cables are nothing but another transmission medium. All the protocol which works on Ethernet cable will work in Fiber optic cable also. In case of Ethernet, the digital data will be sent in electrical signal format. But Fiber Optic cables are passive devices. They can not conduct electrical signals. So the digital data signals needs to be converted to Optical signal before sending that via fiber. Usually after the conversion process, the header will be added. This header will be added by the originating device of the optical signal and will be removed by the receiving optical device before sending that signal via Ethernet or some other transmission medium..
The optical fiber can be used both as unidirectional and bidirectional. The main application of optical fiber is in long-distance links, so there exists no need to employ them as unidirectional. For each direction different wavelengths are used to modulat the signals. At the same time many bidirectional signals can travel through the same optical fiber.
G 655 used fiber long distance SM fiber G655, and G652 short distance used, G652 Nonzero fiber
1. Copper UTP (Unshielded Twisted Pair) 2. Optical Fiber
Long Distance signal transmission!
In principle, not necessarily in practice. You also need an interface on either end that understands the protocol and can translate the optical signals to electrical ones.For the most common Ethernet standards, 100 Mbps and Gigabit, there are optical fiber versions of the standards, so the interfaces are available. If you are referring to a protocol other than Ethernet, you need to check for that particular protocol.On the computer end, you would normally swap the existing network card with an optical version (available for PCI-E and PCI-X slots, meaning most post-2005 desktops and servers).On the router/switch/hub end you could switch to an optical model.Standalone adapters are also available.So I suppose the answer becomes "no, not wherever, but in a quite wide range of cases".
The type of cabling you would use for 100BaseT is Cat5E.
An optical fiber (or fibre) is a glass or plastic fiber that carries light along its length. Optical fibers are widely used in fiber-optic communications, which permits transmission over longer distances and at higher bandwidths (data rates) than other forms of communications
WDM wavelength division multiplexing
Gamma rays.