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I think you mean "a one pulley system." When you want to pull in the opposite direction you want the object to move. If you tow a log behind a vehicle you don't use one so the log follows the car. But, if you wanted to lift that log you would throw the rope over a tree branch or pulley to lift it into the air as you pull down, thus using your weight with gravity to help lift the log.

However, by attaching the pulley to the tree branch, you don't gain any mechanical advantage other than using gravity with pulling down.

If, on the other hand, you attach your one pulley to the log, attach one end of the rope to the tree branch, and lift up with the other end you do gain mechanical advantage with it requiring half the force of the previous example of pulling down. But, you are limited by working against gravity and you can only lift as high as you are standing.

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Q: When would you use a one system pulley?
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