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portugal
No; they only started to decline when the Spanish started to attack them.
Rome is in Europe. Its inhabitants were always predominantly European.
The oldest nation is San Marino. Civilizations existed before, but were not nations, for example China (olden China), Mesopotamia, and the Roman Empire.
Copper was available as a raw metal, while iron existed as an ore which required a special refining techniques which took a long period to perfect.
the Europeans arrived
Vikings, Moorish and Carolingian Empire
Slavery existed in African trade long before europeans arrived
No, it was introduced by the Europeans.
Life in America before Europeans arrived was described as pretty primitive. These natives relied only on nature and how they could use it.
Some people refer to the time before Europeans arrived in the Americas as Pre-Colonial days. The Europeans went through a period of Renaissance before the Colonists first came to the Americas.
Hinduism
Ashanti
Local Government
before Europeans settlers arrived
The Algonquin Indians.
I guess the Europens