Africa
The caravels allowed them to sail closer to the wind than their predecessors.
The Portugese went around Africa, where the Spanish hired Columbus, whose brilliant idea was to sail straight across the Atlantic, where they ran into America.
how did the lateen sail help the european explorers
Vasca da Gama was Portuguese, I believe, and was the first European to sail around the tip of Africa.
prince henry the navigator sent out several ships to explore the western coast of africa :)
The sailed for sex
Explorers have set sail for different countries all through history.
Iceland, Greenland, Vinland (America).
To reach Asia
The Portuguese were trying to find an alternate route to get to India. The exotic Indian trade goods were loved by Europeans, but to get there you had to walk through Europe and Asia, or Sail all the way under the continents. Thus many explorers attempted to find a faster way to get to India.
Portuguese King John II