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El Nino does not cause droughts. El Nino is a 27 mile long ocean current off the western coast of South America. It has little effect on anything outside of its locality. It does or does not send warmer waters up the western cost of the Western Hemisphere, but has very little meteorological effect.

What you may be reaching for is called the "Southern Oscillation." This is an atmospheric current that cycles every seven years (approximately). The Southern Oscillation has an affect on El Nino that can cause it to cycle into what is referred to as the La Nina cycle.

The Southern Oscillation can affect weather patterns globally, but concentrates in the southern latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere.

Somehow western media grabbed onto the term "El Nino" about fifteen years ago and began applying it to referrences to the Southern Oscillation, perhaps because it was sexier for the talking heads to rattle off a Spanish sounding term than the more mundane correct term.

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15y ago

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