Some say it is the suspension bridge, others say it is the arch bridge.
Same as for any bridge, to build roads across water or canyons.
coigne
hghg
An arch form would be created under the bridge, supporting the central section.
The arch was invented by the ancient Romans and used through out the empire.
There is no hard evidence of who invented the Roman arch, but most scholars believe it was Archimedes of Sicily. The Romans were the first of European nations to make a practical application of the arch.
The type of bridges are: -truss bridge -arch bridge (truss arch bridge) -suspension bridge (suspension truss bridge) -cantilever bridge
Arch bridges are in the shape of an upside down "U" with mainly steel beans, while supension bridges have one or two Major verticle beams with strong wire connecting to the bridge.
An arch bridge is a bridge with abutments at each end shaped as a curved arch. Arch bridges work by transferring the weight of the bridge and its loads partially into a horizontal thrust restrained by the abutments at either side. A viaduct (a long bridge) may be made from a series of arches, although other more economical structures are typically used today.
The arch is the strongest structure. The reason the others are sometimes used is the span is so long the arch isn't practicle.
I would say the arch bridge because the Romans used it, but I'm not completely sure. Beam and pillar as used by the Egyptians.