This will 100% depend on what make and year the car is, but I will give you a few examples.
Before 1967 most cars had no brake fault warning light.
In 1967 cars were required to have "Dual Circuit Hydraulics" this system allowed the Manufacturers to build a simple Hydraulic balance switch mounted beside or under the Master Brake Cylinder to operate the brake system fault light. Usually has a single wire run to it.
The system in place since 1967 is still used, but most cars have brake fluid level sensors and Anti Lock Brake computers that also turn on the brake fault light.
it is a warning light
The brake pads are getting thin. That sensor is for the brake pads.
Low brake fluid in master cylinder, fault in brake fluid level sensor, parking brake is on, parking brake sensor fault.
your brake pads are worn or there is trouble with the sensor for them.
There is a sensor in the top of the brake cylinder where you put in the fluid. Replace it and the light will go away.
The ABS and brake warning lights will come on in a vehicle when an error is detecting in the he system. This can range from low fluid or pressure to sensor and component failure.
Check the sensor in the brake reservoir give the float a wiggle. Use a multimeter if necessary if constant low reding is given the switch /sensor is no good.
It is possible that a wheel speed sensor is bad. This will cause the anti lock braking to not read the wheel correctly which would be a brake problem that would cause a light.
Parking brake not fully released? Worn brake linings? Brake fluid in reservoir low (mabe a leak in system)? Bad sensor?
The transit brake warning light, on a Ford, can be reset by changing the brake pads. If the warning light is still on after changing the brake pads remove the fuse for 10 seconds.
Parking brake not fully released? Brake fluid in reservoir low due to worn brake linings? Brake fluid in reservoir low due to leak in system? Bad sensor?
The transit brake warning light, on a Ford, can be reset by changing the brake pads. If the warning light is still on after changing the brake pads remove the fuse for 10 seconds.