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Equator
Being near the equator where the sun is more directly overhead.
The sun can never be directly overhead anywhere in New York state ... or anywhere in the USA for that matter. The highest it can ever appear is at noon on June 21. But in order to ever see it directly overhead, you have to be located within 23.5 degrees of the equator.
Tropic of Capricorn
the equator
Equator
Equator
When the sun is directly overhead, the sunlight is most intense.
Being near the equator where the sun is more directly overhead.
Not always. The sun is directly overhead at the equator at the spring and fall equinoxes.
The sun is directly overhead at the summer solstice at the Tropic of Cancer (23.5oN). This is as the most northernly latitude which has the sun directly overhead at any time of the year. A similar case happen at the winter solstice at the Tropic of Capricorn (23.5oS).
As you move away from the tropics, the angle of the sun increases and less of the energy of the sun reaches the surface to warm things up. Near the equator, the sun is most nearly directly overhead most of the time and the tropics (near the equator) get the most energy from the sun, thus keeping things warmer.
At the Tropic of Capricorn.
The Tropic of Cancer ... roughly 23.5 degrees north ... is the most northerly latitude where the sun can ever appear directly overhead.
Never. The only time the sun can appear directly overhead at Lagos is sometime near April 5 and again sometime near September 4.
At either of the tropics the sun's rays are most directly overhead at mid-day in mid summer.
The sun is never directly overhead in Levittown, NY, as it lies above the Tropic of Cancer.