These are imaginary locations in the sky. The "celestial sphere" is a blanket term for everything beyond the Earth. The celestial equator is the plane of the Earth's equator extended out into space. The "celestial poles" are extensions of the north pole and south pole into space. It's sometimes convenient to describe objects out in space with reference to terrestrial coordinates.
That is also called the axis; the "end-points" of this axis are called the celestial poles.
Celestial Equator :)
The Earth orbits on its axis. It isn't a physical axis; there is no metal rod through the Earth, but we can calculate it pretty well. If you were to extend that imaginary axis straight out from the physical poles, this would point to the "celestial poles". Early astronomers thought of the sky as a solid crystal sphere, and all the stars were at the same very great distance away. We know now that isn't true; all the stars are at their own distances, all different. But we still sometimes speak of the "celestial sphere", and the celestial poles, and the celestial equator. This helps us to visualize where we are in the galaxy, and where all the stars are in relationship to each other.
The equator has no poles.
I can not find any reference to a Meridian in the Solar System. In astronomy, there is the Earth's meridian. That's a "great circle" on the "celestial sphere". It passes through the "celestial poles" and also through the "zenith" at the observer's location.
No, you would not be able to define the celestial poles and equator if the Earth did not rotate. Without rotation, there would be no poles, save for possibly magnetic poles.
celestial equator
That is also called the axis; the "end-points" of this axis are called the celestial poles.
An equinoctial is the great circle between the celestial poles, also known as the celestial equator.
It's the celestial equator.
Celestial Equator :)
it is a mushed 3d sphere
The Earth orbits on its axis. It isn't a physical axis; there is no metal rod through the Earth, but we can calculate it pretty well. If you were to extend that imaginary axis straight out from the physical poles, this would point to the "celestial poles". Early astronomers thought of the sky as a solid crystal sphere, and all the stars were at the same very great distance away. We know now that isn't true; all the stars are at their own distances, all different. But we still sometimes speak of the "celestial sphere", and the celestial poles, and the celestial equator. This helps us to visualize where we are in the galaxy, and where all the stars are in relationship to each other.
The north and south celestial poles are the two imaginary points in the sky where the Earth's axis of rotation, indefinitely extended, intersects the imaginary rotating sphere of stars called the celestial sphere. The north and south celestial poles appear permanently directly overhead to an observer at the Earth's North pole and South pole respectively. As the Earth spins on its axis, the two celestial poles remain fixed in the sky, and all other points appear to rotate around them, completing one circuit per day.
The north and south celestial poles are the two imaginary points in the sky where the Earth's axis of rotation, indefinitely extended, intersects the imaginary rotating sphere of stars called the celestial sphere. The north and south celestial poles appear permanently directly overhead to an observer at the Earth's North pole and South pole respectively. As the Earth spins on its axis, the two celestial poles remain fixed in the sky, and all other points appear to rotate around them, completing one circuit per day.
Astronomers use the coordinate system of RA right ascension also called hour angle, and Declination (Dec)RA is the celestial equivalent of terrestrial longitude. Both RA and longitude measure an east-west angle along the equator; and both measure from a zero point on the equator. For longitude, the zero point is the Prime Meridian; for RA, the zero point is known as the First Point of Aries, which is the place in the sky where the Sun crosses the celestial equator at the March equinox. RA is always zero on the meridian of the celestial sphere which passes through the celestial poles and first point of Aries. Declination is comparable to latitude, projected onto the celestial sphere, and is measured in degrees north and south of thecelestial equator. Therefore, points north of the celestial equator have positive declinations, while those to the south have negative declinations. * An object on the celestial equator has a dec of 0°. * An object at the celestial north pole has a dec of +90°. * An object at the celestial south pole has a dec of −90°.
Since the earth is a sphere, the north and south poles are further away from the sun and the equator is closer.