Thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP)
There are very many enzymes involved. A few from glycolysis are: hexokinase and glucokinase, phosphohexose isomerase, phosphofructokinase, pyruvate kinase; from pyruvate decarboxylation are pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatase and pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase; and a few from the Kreb's cycle are: aconitase, alpha-ketoglutamate dehydrogenase, succinate thiokinase, and fumarase.
The enzyme that converts pyruvate into acetyl-CoA is pyruvate dehydrogenase. This multienzyme complex is responsible for catalyzing the conversion of pyruvate into acetyl-CoA, which is a key step in the metabolism of carbohydrates to produce energy.
Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex react with pyruvate to form acetyl-CoA
Yes, during the oxidation of pyruvate to acetyl CoA in the mitochondria, CO2 is released through decarboxylation reactions. This process is part of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, where pyruvate is converted to acetyl CoA, releasing CO2 as a byproduct.
In prokaryotes, the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex is located in the cytoplasm.
Pyruvate decarboxylation -> Acetaldehyde reduction The product is ethanol. Pyruvate decarboxylation is performed by pyruvate decarxylase with cofactor thiamine pyrophosphate, and the product, acetaldehyde, is reduced by NADH. (Pyruvate decarboxylase is NOT the same as the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex in cellular respiration. Though pyruvate dehydrogenase also decarboxylates pyruvate, but the decarboxlated species immediately reacts with CoA to form acetyl-CoA).
Correct answer: I, II, III and IV
Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex . . . mitochondrial matrix
Alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase is the most similar to Pyruvate dehydrogenase because both are part of the α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex, involved in the citric acid cycle and share structural and functional similarities.
decarboxylation means removal of co2 from the reaction
Pyruvate dehydrogenase is typically found in the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells. It plays a critical role in the conversion of pyruvate into acetyl-CoA, a key step in the process of aerobic respiration.
Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex