DDR2-SDRAM is the RAM technology that utilizes a 4-bit deep prefetch buffer and operates at 1.8V, as compared to it's predecessor DDR which has a 2-bit prefetch buffer and oprates at 2.5V. Like DDR, DDR2 transfers one bit on the rising and falling edges of the clock cycle. DDR2 takes a step further by doubling the frequency of the bus twice the rate of the memory cells. For example, a motherboard with a 133MHz FSB that uses DDR2-SDRAM for system memory, the RAM would operate at 266MHz, and then give you a 533MT data rate with a theoretical throughput of 4266MB/s.
An instruction cycle.
Double Data Rate (DDR) memory gets its name from the fact that it uses both the rising and falling edges of the clock cycle, thus allowing it to double its performance in a given clock cycle.
DDR-1
The most common everday use is on a clock. Household clocks tend to use a 12 hour cycle, whilst international clocks operate on a 24 hour cycle.
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Technology can pollute the water cycle.
the clock oscillator and machine cycle state machine, it may take multiple clock cycles per machine cycle.
The READY pin on the 8085 microprocessor is used to delay the completion of a bus transfer cycle. It is sampled by the 8085 at the falling edge of clock following ALE. If it is high, the cycle completes. If it is low, the cycle is extended by one clock, with all lines held steady - then it is sampled again at each of the next falling edges of clock until it is high. The purpose of READY is to allow (usually) memory devices to operate at a slower speed than the 8085.
The time to execute a 3 clock cycle instruction in a 25MHz processor is 120ns. One clock cycle is 40ns, 1/25Mhz, so three of them are 120ns.
In an instruction cycle with indirect addressing, the CPU fetches the instruction, decodes it to determine the memory address of the operand stored in a register, fetches the operand from the memory location pointed to by the register, and executes the instruction using the operand. Finally, the CPU stores the result back in memory if needed. This extra step of fetching the operand based on the indirect memory address adds complexity to the instruction cycle.
The READY pin on the 8085 microprocessor is used to delay the completion of a bus transfer cycle. It is sampled by the 8085 at the falling edge of clock following ALE. If it is high, the cycle completes. If it is low, the cycle is extended by one clock, with all lines held steady - then it is sampled again at each of the next falling edges of clock until it is high. The purpose of READY is to allow (usually) memory devices to operate at a slower speed than the 8085.
Bus cycle - clock cycles taken to complete one bus transaction. Instruction cycle - clock cycles taken to complete execution of one instruction