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It was actually Pope Alexander VI who in 1493 mandated that the indigenous people be converted to Catholicism and prohibited their eslavement.

However, he also declared that any natives who refused to convert to Christianity, or who reverted to their previous religion should be punished and could be enslaved.

Slavery of the indigenous people was legal only as a form of punishment for not converting to Catholicism and to work on government projects.

Seven years later in 1500 Queen Isabella of Spain expressly ordered that the indigenous people were to be free from slavery. This order had no exceptions. When she died in 1504 she instructed her successors to continue these policies.

Queen Isabella made it illegal to enslave any of the indigenous people for any reason.

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